A Focus Group Discussion (FGD) is a qualitative research method and data collection technique in which a selected group of people discusses a given topic or issue in-depth, facilitated by a professional, external moderator*.

Different from the theoretical description, being able to gather and discuss with a group of people in other communities with many different socio-cultural characteristics is a challenging task with countless variables. For the focus group to openly provide valuable information, the researcher must have experience and apply flexible skills to enable these ‘open conversations.’

From 2020 until now, CKC annually conducts an average of 60 group discussions in many localities and with many different groups of participants. From practical experience, to be able to use a keyword in conducting FGD, CKC will choose the keyword ‘flexibility’, including:

1. Flexibility in time

Relying on the community’s working time is always the first principle when organizing group discussions. An influential group discussion is held at a convenient time for participants when they are fully focused and comfortable participating in the discussion process.

2. Flexibility in spaces

The location for group discussion is not the most fully equipped, but the area best suits the circumstances and participants. Sometimes, group discussions are organised in community houses, fields, under trees, in roadside grocery stores,…

3. Flexibility in selecting participants

CKC always researches carefully about the community and plans to select focus discussion groups before going to the field. However, each field trip always has variables, so CKC will flexibly adjust the criteria for selecting participants based on their livelihoods, culture, ethnicity, gender, etc. Ensure all groups in the community have the opportunity to voice their opinions.

4. Flexibility in connecting participants to encourage their active engagement

5. Flexibility in languages

Language and dialect are cultural features that are unique to each different community. Therefore, conducting group discussions always requires understanding and respect for the languages and dialects that the community is used to using. CKC always pays attention to the correct use of languages and dialects in focused discussions. If necessary, the discussion will be supported by native interpreters so the community can comfortably share stories in their own language.

The honest ‘open’ discussion, from sincerity sharing in comfortable zones, results from flexibility. Hopefully, our sharing will help you approach the Focus Group Discussion on the field site.